Harare. August 1999.
Night.
I am inside The Queens Dale Sports Club, a smoky writers’ and journalists’ hang-out located on Chiremba Road, arguably, one of Harare’s best pubs for a literary evening.
Apart from the fact that Chenjerai Hove, one of Zimbabwe’s leading poets regularly performed there; the Club is also reputed to have a good standing band and a lovely barbecue. It was to Queens Dale I headed that Friday evening of August 6 for the last evening of the Zimbabwe International Book Fair for an event the organizers dubbed “Poetry in the Pub”.
Apart from Chenjerai Hove, other Zimbabwean poets lined up for the evening were Chirikure Chirirkure, Shimmer Chinodya, Memory Chirere as well as Virginia Phiri. On the band stand was Albert Nyanthi and the Imborgi Band while the Botswana Poet and Saxophonist Keineetse Keineetse as well as solo guitarist, Patricia Matongo were there to give support.
After paying the entry fee of 50 Zimbabwe dollars (about N150.00), I found myself in the happy company of poets, musicians, journalists and other interesting guests. To start off the evening, Patricia Matongo gave us renditions of some old classical pieces such as ‘Cera Cera’ and ‘Farewell Jamaica’ among others.
Following closely on Patricia’s performance was my colleague and companion during the trip, Lola Shoneyin who read from her poetry collection; So All The Time I Had Been Sitting on An Egg. As usual, Lola’s readings tickled the crowd so much so that they kept asking for more!
Welcome to Harare – the Sunshine City of South Africa. Founded in 1890 by Ceecil Rhodes, the city was formerly known as Salisbury – the capital of rebel leader Ian Smith’s Rhodesia. Since gaining independence in April 18, 1980, Zimbabwe had continued to grow with a wide variety of interesting architecture, making it an attractive and modern city.
It’s so easy to fall in love with Harare! As our taxi cab took off from the international airport, we were welcomed to the city by the Freedom monument, a huge concrete arch that straddled Airport road. This was followed by a clutch of signs from Rotary and Round table and the Lions Club welcoming us to Harare. Further, on Airport Road, a tidy facility surrounded by barbed wire announced the home of the One Commando Battalion. The beauty of the city continued to astound a new comer as one ventured into the suburbs where affluent Zimbabweans had their large villas complete with swimming pools and tennis courts.
Lining the streets were canopies of Jacaranda and Flamboyant trees all adding to the spectacle of an African city with an European face. This affluent look was more obvious in the highbrow area of Avondale, Borroughdale and Mount Pleasant. Expectedly, the inhabitants of these areas were mostly white Zimbabweans who I understood at the time, still controlled the economy of this country of 10 million people.
“The economy is in the hands of the white who still hold key positions in the country”, an African diplomat whom I met at the Monomotapa Hotel in downtown Harare remarked. “And although the whites make up less than 10% of the population, they still control and own over 80% of the land,” the man added.
A drive round the countryside showed how much land is actually in the hands of the whites. Just outside Harare, I saw acres of farmlands stretching as far as the eye could see. For a country with only six months of rainfall, it was remarkable how well irrigated the farmlands were.
“Every district of the country has a dam for its own water supply”. Prof. Femi Odesanmi, my former teacher at the O.A.U., Ile-Ife and Professor of Forensic Medicine at the University of Zimbabwe said as he took me round the lovely Zimbabwe countryside.
There were miles and miles of farmlands filled with lush and green ridges of Cabbage, Vegetables, wheat and Apples. “The main economy of the country is Agriculture”. Prof. Odesanmi continued as we ventured into another area with lush acres of Pine trees which I was told was for furniture and export. Also, quite notable were well-fed cattle fat like baby elephants all grazing on the rolling meadows. As I kept admiring the well-fed cattle, Prof. Odesanmi said “All these farms have their own veterinary Doctors who are well paid”.
We soon reached the town of Mazowe, a distance of 47 kilometres from Harare. Mazowe I was told was famous for oranges. We stopped at the visitors shop in one of the farms at Mazowe for a rest. As we savoured the cool breeze from the nearby dam, we sipped ice cold fresh orange juice that tasted heavenly. “Some of these white farmers are so rich that they have helicopters and private jets”, Prof. Odesanmi volunteered.
I asked him about the problematic issue of white ownership of land. “It’s a bit tricky”, my teacher remarked. “While Mugabe’s government wants the whites to release more land to the blacks, some officials of the Local Labour Union are not too eager for a change in land ownership. They feel that once the land gets into the hands of their fellow blacks, black farm workers may suffer. Don’t forget that most white farmers have houses and schools for their black workers. The Labour Union is afraid that black farm owners may not be able to provide similar facilities for their kin and kith”.
As we left Mazowe, more acres and acres of orange trees heavy with oranges came to view. So massive were the farmlands that it was difficult to see their limits from the road. All that beautiful scenery continued till Glendale which is 57 kilometres outside Harare. At Bindura which is 87 kilometes from Harare, we came across more acres of citrus trees particularly the nurseries where the shoots of are planted. Then came farmlands of cotton and tobacco which I’m told has one of the best qualities in the world. Everywhere was well irrigated by remote controlled sprinklers all day, all week.
The issue of land ownership was still on our minds as we later turned back to Harare. “President Mugabe will ultimately have to bargain with the white over the issue. While the blacks are insisting that the whites should return their lands back to them, the latter are insisting on being compensated for what they’ve built and grown on the land. It’s still a very potentially explosive issue which needs to be handled with care”, Professor Odesanmi said.
Later that evening, I joined other Nigerians who had come for the Zimbabwe Book Fair at the home of Mr. OluLipede, the Information and Cultural attaché at the Nigerian Embassy in Harare. Olu and his charming wife Lizzy decided to entertain us to an evening of Nigerian food and music at their No.2 Howard Close, at the highbrow Mount Pleasant area of the city. We were all there – the writers Mobolaji Adenubi, Mowumi Segun, Lola Shoneyin, Karen King Aribisala, Promise Okekwe and Mujidah Olaifa. The publishers were also there with some of the embassy staff including the Acting High Commissioner Ms. Hadja Mustapha. As we tackled the Eba and Semovita with Ogbono and Okro soup.Fela’s Zombie and Jeun Koku seeped out of the hifi equipment in the background. As expected, some of the writers – Karen, Wale, Lola and Mujidah did some reading before the wonderful evening came to an end.
In order to have a balanced view of Zimbabwe, albeit through the face of Harare and its outlying towns, my host graciously agreed to take me to the black township so I could see how our brothers and sisters really lived.
As we moved out of Harare, the beautiful villas with their expansive compounds gradually gave way to adobe two-bedroom houses and crammed high rise flats with the laundry hanging out of the windows and the railings.
“This is the real Africa”, I muttered.
Although the roads in the neighborhood were tarred, they were not as well kept as what obtained in the city. As we moved along, we came across big passenger buses which I was told were used to transport black workers to the city.
“Although apartheid is officially outlawed, what we now have is economic discrimination in the sense that only very few blacks can afford to live in the high brow areas of the city due to high rents”, my host remarked.
As we drove into the black township of Mabvuku I noticed that in spite of the relative backwardness of the area, the place was still well organized. There were supermarkets, open markets, cinemas as well as schools and hospitals. My host agreed with me that compared to many African towns, Mabvuku wasn’t all that bad. “They even have regular water and electricity supplies as well as telephone services”, he added.
When I pointed out some columns of floodlights almost 30 feet high, Prof. Odesanmi replied “Those are security lights.” In order to reduce the incidence of crime, the floodlights are switched on at night to illuminate the whole place.
From Mabvuku, we moved on to Mbare, another black township which I’m told is very notorious for crime. Before we entered the area, my host decided to put all our luggage into the booth of the car. “This is a dangerous area to both blacks and whites. In fact, it is a no-go area to many because of the high crime rate”, he said.
Mbare was a slum so congested that children had to play on the streets. As our car crawled along the street, I nervously took photographs being careful not to attract the attention of the residents who eyed our posh-looking car suspiciously.
“Mbare used to be a one bedroom dormitory for black male workers who must leave Harare by six every evening. It was meant for the workers to stay during the week before going to the homelands at month end to give their families money for their upkeep”, Professor Odesanmi said.
It was after independence when the nefarious practice of segregation was cancelled that people flooded to Mbare and thus congested the place. “Even the police are afraid of coming to Mbare to look for thieves”, my host added.
In spite of the notoriety attributed to the Mbareans, I was delightfully surprised to chance on a group of Christians as they prayed on an open field in the area. The Apostolics, as this group was called were in their red and white robes (garments). They practiced a religious cocktail which was a combination of African animism and selected morsels of Christianity mostly from the Old Testament. As I watched, I could see the members of the sect getting into a frenetic dancing and clapping sessions.
On a sunny Monday morning, Lola Shoneyin and I took a stroll to downtown Harare. Starting from the venue of the Book Fair, the Harare gardens, a beautiful well landscaped expanse of land with a canopy of Jacaranda and Flamboyant trees amidst a welter of fountains and park benches, we soon hit the Samora Machel Avenue, the main jugular of Harare where we visited our friends at the APNET headquarters. From APNET, we connected Union Avenue where we purchased some International telephone cards at the Post Office, then on to second street, Nelson Mandela Avenue, Robert Mugabe road and hence to a cyber café located at the junction of second street and Kenneth Kaunda Avenue. As we traversed these tall, beautiful and majestic architectural masterpieces, we could not but wonder how lucky Zimbabweans were to have had the white men for so long on their soil. “Everything works here”, Lola intoned as the street lights, building lifts and telephones came on without any hiccup.
I was however, to hear the other side of beautiful Zimbabwe later that evening at a symposium on Press Censorship, Literature and Democracy at the Book café on the corner of 6th Street and 5 Avenue. At the very crowded and smoky café; speaker upon speaker which included Chenjarai Hove all condemned what they termed government’s severe censorship of the press.
As Hove put it, ‘the business of writing in Zimbabwe is a very risky one. A lot of sanctions are out and you dare not criticize our leaders. An innocent news item such as the President’s flu attack is never heard off. You can’t also write anything negative about industrial corporations so that the paper can still get adverts from such companies”.
Most Zimbabweans are also unhappy with their government which they accuse of being very corrupt. Ten years ago, the Zimbabwean dollar exchanged for ten US dollars. However, because of the country’s current engagement with the South Africa Defence Council (SADC) activities in the Congo where the country spends an average of 1 Million US Dollars per day, the exchange rate has plummeted to 38 Zim Dollars for One US Dollar.
‘’The country has been so badly managed that we now live on handouts from foreign agencies”, observed one Zimbabwean writer.
So cash strapped was the government that a recent IMF grant of 20 million US Dollars was celebrated with much fanfare by the press. Other Zimbabweans also think that their 76 year-old President had no business as a Head of State after 19years in power. Mugabe who recently introduced a new constitutional debate in the country is said to be interested in another six year term
In his own defence, President Mugabe does not see anything wrong in fighting on behalf of Kabila in the Congo for as he put it in a recent press interview “Africans by right must be ready to come to the aid of any brother nation that needs help”.
One important topic that cannot escape the attention of a visitor to Zimbabwe is the issue of violence to women. On the radio, television, posters, banners, the screaming headline tugs at the heartstrings. At the Seminar organized by the Zimbabwean UN Country team on Thursday, August 5 at the Harare gardens, speaker after speaker inundated the gathering with emotionally-laden statistical data.
Eight out of ten deaths from women are through violence. One in every 4 Zimbabwean (25%) is HIV Positive out of which 42% are women. For every six men infected with HIV, 5 women are infected. Among pregnant patients, 30% are HIV positive. The seminar thereafter advocated empowerment of women through education on HIV/AIDS as well as the education of boys on how to respect girls and practice protective and sensible sex.
Also important was the attitude of Zimbabweans to Nigerians living on their soil. The general opinion of Nigerians is that the average Zimbabwean has an inferiority complex to Nigerians and as such tries at every point to put a Nigerian down. Yet, other Nigerians such as Prof. Femi Odesanmi who is also the President of Nigerian residents in Zimbabwe feels that the country has brought this problem on itself due to our bad global image. I also had a taste of this when upon learning that I was from Nigeria, two Zimbabwean youths asked me for cocaine!
This pervasive view of Nigerians as drug traffickers is not restricted to Zimbabwe alone. It extends all over East and South Africa. On our way to Harare, our Kenya Airways flight had a stop-over in Nairobi where we were expected to pass the night in a hotel. However, while other passengers were allowed into Nairobi, we were refused entry visas. It was only after further enquiries that we were informed that Nigerians were so treated because of our bad reputation as drug traffickers!
To round up my visit, I thought it appropriate to visit the Medical School attached to the University of Zimbabwe. I therefore, found myself tagging along with my host to The Parireyantwa Hospital at Avondale. “Pari” as the hospital is famously called, is a 500-bed facility for the training of doctors by the University. The hospital which was formerly called Godfrey Huggins Hospital was named after Dr. Parireyantwa, the first Zimbabwean black doctor after independence in 1980, I was also informed that the late Dr. Parireyantwa’s son, David , who is currently the Deputy Minister of Health was trained at the University of Lagos. “This used to be a predominantly white hospital”, Prof. Odesanmi informed me as we went round the very clean and well managed facility.
As I prepared for the homeward trip, I decided to take another stroll through downtown Harare to savour for the last time, the beauty, peace and orderliness of this colorful city. I stopped at the open market at the junction of Union Street and Robert Mugabe road to pick a few souvenirs. Then, I walked to my favorite restaurant “EUROPA’ at the Corner of Samora Machel and Julius Nyerere to have a last meal of Samotzaand chicken broth with peri-peri sauce and take photographs with Dean, my amiable waiter friend.
It was then off to the Harare Gardens for a last walk amidst the well laid out water fountains, green and park benches. I also had a last sniff of the well perfumed clusters of jacarandas and Flamboyant before dropping my last Zimbabwean Coins into the begging bowls of a destitute woman and her baby who had been filling the air with melodious songs.
“Tafenda”, the woman croaked, thanking me in Shona, her native language.
“Ndosokona”, I also replied in Shona. I only hope that I will have the opportunity of coming back to the Sunshine City again, perhaps, by then, President Mugabe would have left office.
(Dr Wale Okediran, a Nigerian Writer wrote this article after his visit to Zimbabwe in August 1999. )
